1.原因

因为需要梳理公网域名和DNS解析对应关系，因此制作此小脚本。

2.前期准备

在使用脚本前，确定已安装了requests模块和dnspython模块（在终端界面哦）

pip install requests dnspython

3.完整的请求代码

from urllib.parse import urlparse
import csv
import dns.resolver
import requests

headers = {
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36',
    'Dnt': '1',
    'Sec-Fetch-Dest': 'document',
    'Sec-Fetch-Mode': 'navigate',
    'Sec-Fetch-Site': 'same-origin',
    'Sec-Fetch-User': '?1',
    'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests': '1',
    'Sec-Ch-Ua': '"Not_A Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="120", "Google Chrome";v="120"',
    'sec-ch-ua-mobile': '?0',
    'sec-ch-ua-platform': '"Windows"'
}

# 读取包含域名的文件
with open('D:\\python\\Domains.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
    urls = file.read().splitlines()    # 字符串方法：按照行分隔符（换行），装入列表urls里


# 打开文件以写入CSV输出
with open('D:\\python\\域名检查结果.csv', 'w', newline='', encoding='gbk') as csv_file:
    csv_writer = csv.writer(csv_file)
    # 写入CSV的标题行
    csv_writer.writerow(['URL', '域名', '公网DNS解析IP', '服务器响应'])

    for url in urls:
        print(url)
        # 解析URL
        parsed_url = urlparse(url)
        # 获取域名
        domain = parsed_url.netloc.split(':')[0]
        # 执行DNS解析以获取域名解析地址（A记录）
        try:
            answers = dns.resolver.resolve(domain, 'A')
            ip_addresses = '-'.join(str(answer.address) for answer in answers)  # 使用'-'连接所有IP地址

            try:
                # 设置超时时间为10秒的url请求
                response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, timeout=10)
                status_code = response.status_code
            except requests.RequestException as e:
                status_code = f"网站无响应:{e}"  # 如果请求失败，写入错误e信息

            # 写入CSV的一行数据
            csv_writer.writerow([url, domain, ip_addresses, status_code])

        except dns.resolver.NoAnswer:
            csv_writer.writerow([url, domain, "DNS无响应", "N/A"])  # DNS无响应时写入N/A
        except dns.resolver.NXDOMAIN:
            csv_writer.writerow([url, domain, "A域名不存在", "N/A"])  # 域名不存在时写入N/A
        except Exception as e:
            csv_writer.writerow([url, domain, "异常", e])  # 其他错误时写入错误信息

4.脚本用法：

把Domains.txt文件，存放在D:\Python\文件夹里（脚本中指定了具体位置），其中每一行存放一个URL，像这样（注意格式，有没带端口都可以）

执行过程会有显示：

执行结果如下图：

5.异常

如果有异常也会在Excle中记录，抛异常

遇到这种是：超时

网站无响应: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='xxxxx.xxxxx.com', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: / (Caused by ConnectTimeoutError(<urllib3.connection.HTTPSConnection object at 0x0000012ABAF899D0>, 'Connection to xxxxx.xxxxx.com timed out. (connect timeout=10)'))

遇到这种是：你请求的格式不合要求，人家不跟你握手，但网站是存在。主动拒绝了你。

网站无响应: HTTPConnectionPool(host='localhost', port=80): Max retries exceeded with url: /h5/ (Caused by NewConnectionError('<urllib3.connection.HTTPConnection object at 0x0000012ABAF775D0>: Failed to establish a new connection: [WinError 10061] 由于目标计算机积极拒绝，无法连接。'))

遇到这种是：证书错误，但网站是存在。有响应的。

网站无响应: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='xxxxx.xxxxx.com', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: / (Caused by SSLError(SSLCertVerificationError(1, "[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: Hostname mismatch, certificate is not valid for 'xxxxx.xxxxx.com'. (_ssl.c:1002)")))