Linux 挂载磁盘

大象。 / 2024-10-12 / 原文

1. 查看磁盘信息

1.1 lsblk 查看磁盘

lsblk -f

1.2 FDISK -L 查看

fdisk -l

2. 分区

2.1 添加磁盘

fdisk /dev/sdb

# Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

# Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.  
# Be careful before using the write command.

# Device does not contain a recognized partition table  
# Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x15fe3583.

# Command (m for help):  
# 输入n 添加分区，然后输入 p 设置当前分区为主分区。  
# Command (m for help): n  
# Partition type:  
# p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)  
# e extended  
# Select (default p): p  
# Partition number 代表这是该磁盘的第n个分区,我们这里输入1  
# First sector 代表磁盘的开始扇区  
# Last sector 代表结束扇区  
# Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1 //划分为一个分区  
# First sector (2048-1048575999, default 2048): //默认  
# Using default value 2048  
# Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-1048575999, default 1048575999): //默认  
# Using default value 1048575999  
# Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 500 GiB is set  
# 这里我们就划分一个扇区，所以都选默认的  
# Command (m for help): m //输入m进去命令选择行  
# Command action  
# a toggle a bootable flag  
# b edit bsd disklabel  
# c toggle the dos compatibility flag  
# d delete a partition  
# g create a new empty GPT partition table  
# G create an IRIX (SGI) partition table  
# l list known partition types  
# m print this menu  
# n add a new partition  
# o create a new empty DOS partition table  
# p print the partition table  
# q quit without saving changes  
# s create a new empty Sun disklabel  
# t change a partition's system id  
# u change display/entry units  
# v verify the partition table  
# w write table to disk and exit  
# x extra functionality (experts only)  
# Command (m for help): w //保存之前的操作  
# The partition table has been altered!  
# Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.  
# Syncing disks.

设置完后输入w保存当前的操作

2.2 检查是否分区成功

lsblk -f

# 如果在sdb下面看到sdb1分之那就说明分区成功了

3. 分区格式化

mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1

# Allocating group tables: done  
# Writing inode tables: done  
# Creating journal (32768 blocks): done  
# Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

4. 查看是否格式化成功

lsblk -f

5. 挂载磁盘

mkdir -p /data

# 临时挂载
mount /dev/sdb1 /data

lsblk -f

# 永久挂载（主要是开机后自动挂载）
mount -t xfs  /dev/sdb1  /data

vi /etc/fstab

/dev/vdb                                  /data                 xfs     defaults        0 0

mount -a

# 验证一下
df -h