牛客网

tong11 / 2023-08-20 / 原文

牛客网项目

发送邮件

邮箱设置

启用客户端SMTP服务

Spring Email

导入jar包

邮箱参数配置

使用javaMailSender 发送邮件

模板引擎

使用Thymeleaf发送HTML邮件

1.新建MailClient类

@Component
public class MailClient {

    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MailClient.class);

    @Autowired
    private JavaMailSender mailSender;

    @Value("${spring.mail.username}")
    private String from;

    public void sendMail(String to, String subject, String content) {
        try {
            MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
            MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message);
            helper.setFrom(from);
            helper.setTo(to);
            helper.setSubject(subject);
            helper.setText(content, true);
            mailSender.send(helper.getMimeMessage());
        } catch (MessagingException e) {
            logger.error("发送邮件失败:" + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

}

2.更改配置

#发送邮件
#MialProperties
spring.mail.host=smtp.sina.com
spring.mail.port=465
spring.mail.username=tong7746@sina.com
spring.mail.password=357ab4337a0ade10
spring.mail.protocol=smtps
spring.mail.properties.mail.smpt.ssl.enable=true

3.新建templates邮件模板

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>邮件示例</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>欢迎你，<span style="color: red;" th:text="${username}"></span>!</p>
</body>
</html>

4.新建测试类Mail Tests

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
@ContextConfiguration(classes = CommunityApplication.class)
public class MailTests {

    @Autowired
    private MailClient mailClient;

    //    模板引擎
    @Autowired
    private TemplateEngine templateEngine;

    @Test
    public void testTextMail() {
        // 把邮箱密码改为授权码后，错误解决
        mailClient.sendMail("tong7746@sina.com", "TEST", "Welcome.");
    }

     //尝试发送html邮件
    @Test
    public void testHtmlMail() {
        Context context = new Context();
        context.setVariable("username", "sunday");

        String content = templateEngine.process("/mail/demo", context);
        System.out.println(content);

        mailClient.sendMail("tong7746@sina.com", "HTML", content);
    }

}

测试结果

开发注册功能

三层架构：数据访问层业务层视图层

访问注册页面

点击顶部区域内链接，打开注册页面

User Service

@Service
public class UserService implements CommunityConstant {

    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    @Autowired
    private MailClient mailClient;

    @Autowired
    private TemplateEngine templateEngine;

    @Value("${community.path.domain}")
    private String domain;

    @Value("${server.servlet.context-path}")
    private String contextPath;

    public User findUserById(int id) {
        return userMapper.selectById(id);
    }

Login Controller

@Controller
public class LoginController implements CommunityConstant {

    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;
     //引入路径 注册
    @RequestMapping(path = "/register", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String getRegisterPage() {
        return "/site/register";
    }
    //登录
    @RequestMapping(path = "/login", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String getLoginPage() {
        return "/site/login";
    }

提交注册数据

-通过表单提交数据。

-服务端验证账号是否已存在，邮箱是否已注册。

-服务端发送激活邮件。

User Service

public Map<String, Object> register(User user) {
    Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();

    // 空值处理
    if (user == null) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("参数不能为空!");
    }
    if (StringUtils.isBlank(user.getUsername())) {
        map.put("usernameMsg", "账号不能为空!");
        return map;
    }
    if (StringUtils.isBlank(user.getPassword())) {
        map.put("passwordMsg", "密码不能为空!");
        return map;
    }
    if (StringUtils.isBlank(user.getEmail())) {
        map.put("emailMsg", "邮箱不能为空!");
        return map;
    }

    // 验证账号
    User u = userMapper.selectByName(user.getUsername());
    if (u != null) {
        map.put("usernameMsg", "该账号已存在!");
        return map;
    }

    // 验证邮箱
    u = userMapper.selectByEmail(user.getEmail());
    if (u != null) {
        map.put("emailMsg", "该邮箱已被注册!");
        return map;
    }

    // 注册用户
    user.setSalt(CommunityUtil.generateUUID().substring(0, 5));
    user.setPassword(CommunityUtil.md5(user.getPassword() + user.getSalt()));
    user.setType(0);
    user.setStatus(0);
    user.setActivationCode(CommunityUtil.generateUUID());
    user.setHeaderUrl(String.format("http://images.nowcoder.com/head/%dt.png", new Random().nextInt(1000)));
    user.setCreateTime(new Date());
    userMapper.insertUser(user);

Login Controller

@RequestMapping(path = "/register", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String register(Model model, User user) {
    Map<String, Object> map = userService.register(user);
    if (map == null || map.isEmpty()) {
        model.addAttribute("msg", "注册成功,我们已经向您的邮箱发送了一封激活邮件,请尽快激活!");
        model.addAttribute("target", "/index");
        return "/site/operate-result";
    } else {
        model.addAttribute("usernameMsg", map.get("usernameMsg"));
        model.addAttribute("passwordMsg", map.get("passwordMsg"));
        model.addAttribute("emailMsg", map.get("emailMsg"));
        return "/site/register";
    }
}

激活注册账号

点击邮件中的链接，访问服务端的激活服务。

User Service

 // 激活邮件
    Context context = new Context();
    context.setVariable("email", user.getEmail());
    // http://localhost:8080/community/activation/101/code
    String url = domain + contextPath + "/activation/" + user.getId() + "/" + user.getActivationCode();
    context.setVariable("url", url);
    String content = templateEngine.process("/mail/activation", context);
    mailClient.sendMail(user.getEmail(), "激活账号", content);

    return map;
}
    //激活账号
public int activation(int userId, String code) {
    User user = userMapper.selectById(userId);
    if (user.getStatus() == 1) {
        return ACTIVATION_REPEAT;
    } else if (user.getActivationCode().equals(code)) {
        userMapper.updateStatus(userId, 1);
        return ACTIVATION_SUCCESS;
    } else {
        return ACTIVATION_FAILURE;
    }
}

Login Controller

// http://localhost:8080/community/activation/101/code
@RequestMapping(path = "/activation/{userId}/{code}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String activation(Model model, @PathVariable("userId") int userId, @PathVariable("code") String code) {
    int result = userService.activation(userId, code);
    if (result == ACTIVATION_SUCCESS) {
        model.addAttribute("msg", "激活成功,您的账号已经可以正常使用了!");
        model.addAttribute("target", "/login");
    } else if (result == ACTIVATION_REPEAT) {
        model.addAttribute("msg", "无效操作,该账号已经激活过了!");
        model.addAttribute("target", "/index");
    } else {
        model.addAttribute("msg", "激活失败,您提供的激活码不正确!");
        model.addAttribute("target", "/index");
    }
    return "/site/operate-result";
}

新建CommunityConstant接口

public interface CommunityConstant {
//    激活成功
     int ACTIVATION_SUCCESS= 0;

     //重复激活
    int ACTIVATION_REPEAT =1;
    //激活失败
    int ACTIVATION_FAILURE = 2;
}

测试结果

会话管理

Http的基本性质

Http是简单的

Http是可扩展的

Http是无状态的，有会话的

Cookie

是服务器发送到浏览器，并保存在浏览器的一小块数据。

浏览器下次访问该服务器时，会自动携带酷块该数据，将其发送给服务器。

Cookie可以创建有状态的会话。

Session

是JavaEE的标准，用于在服务端记录客户信息。

数据存放在服务器端更安全，但是也会增加服务端的内存压力。

//cookie示例
@RequestMapping(path = "/cookie/set",method = RequestMethod.GET)
@ResponseBody
public String setCookie(HttpServletResponse response){
    //创建cookie
    Cookie cookie = new Cookie("code", CommunityUtil.generateUUID());//随机生成字符串
    //设置cookie生效范围
    cookie.setPath("/community/alpha");
    //设置cookie存储时间
    response.addCookie(cookie);
    return "set cookie";
}
@RequestMapping(path = "/cookie/set",method = RequestMethod.GET)
@ResponseBody
public String getCookie(@CookieValue("code") String code){
    System.out.println(code);
    return "get cookie";
}

cookie不安全性高

访问服务器增加数据量，对流量性能产生影响

Session依赖cookie

// session示例

@RequestMapping(path = "/session/set", method = RequestMethod.GET)
@ResponseBody
public String setSession(HttpSession session) {
    //可以存取大量数据
    session.setAttribute("id", 1);
    session.setAttribute("name", "Test");
    return "set session";
}

@RequestMapping(path = "/session/get", method = RequestMethod.GET)
@ResponseBody
public String getSession(HttpSession session) {
    System.out.println(session.getAttribute("id"));
    System.out.println(session.getAttribute("name"));
    return "get session";
}

同步session

共享session

生成验证码

Kaptcha

导入jar包

<dependency> <groupId>com.github.penggle</groupId> <artifactId>kaptcha</artifactId> <version>2.3.2</version> </dependency>

编写Kaptcha 配置类

生成随机字符，生成图片

官方路径： (FQ)

@Configuration
public class KaptchaConfig {

    @Bean
    public Producer kaptchaProducer() {
        //配置
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.image.width", "100");
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.image.height", "40");
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.font.size", "32");
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.font.color", "0,0,0");
        //生成随机码
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.char.string", "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYAZ");
        //长度限定
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.char.length", "4");
        //生成图片上的干扰
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.noise.impl", "com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.NoNoise");

        DefaultKaptcha kaptcha = new DefaultKaptcha();
        Config config = new Config(properties);
        kaptcha.setConfig(config);
        return kaptcha;
    }

LoginController

//声明日志
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoginController.class);

@Autowired
private UserService userService;

//声明验证码
@Autowired
private Producer kaptchaProducer;

 //验证码
@RequestMapping(path = "/kaptcha", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public void getKaptcha(HttpServletResponse response, HttpSession session) {
    // 生成验证码
    String text = kaptchaProducer.createText();
    BufferedImage image = kaptchaProducer.createImage(text);

    // 将验证码存入session
    session.setAttribute("kaptcha", text);

    // 将突图片输出给浏览器
    response.setContentType("image/png");
    try {
        OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
        ImageIO.write(image, "png", os);
    } catch (IOException e) {
        //日志
        logger.error("响应验证码失败:" + e.getMessage());
    }
}